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Leachate simulated from Municipal Open Dump Induces Biochemical Changes in Clarias gariepinus

Olalekan Adeyemi

The effect of simulated-leachate on growth, haematological and serum biochemical properties of Clarias gariepinus over a period of 56 days was studied. Various dilutions (5, 10, 15 and 20% v/v) were made using dechlorinated tap water. Fish cultivated in the various simulated-leachate concentrations were designated groups A, B, C, D and E respectively. Serum aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), acid phosphatase (ACP), glucose, total cholesterol and triglycerides were the serum biochemical properties assayed. However, relative to the control, growth rate of catfish cultivated in water contaminated with simulated-leachate was found to be significantly lower (p<0.05). Haemoglobin concentration of fish in group E was about half that of group A. AST activity of serum of group E fish was about three folds that of group A while ALT and ALP activities of group E were about two folds those of group A. Conversely, total protein level of serum of fish in group E was 1/3 that of group A. Significant (p<0.05) increase in serum ALP activity and glucose level of fish exposed to simulated- leachate including 5% v/v dilution provided compelling evidence of tissue damage and increased energy demand as the main mechanism of stress induced by simulated-leachate.