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Effect of the ionic environment on the improvement of the therapeutic index of the Amphotericin B

K.Boucherit, Z.Boucherit-Atmani, L.Belkherroubi-Sari, S.Belbraouet

Various salt classes (chlorides: KCl, NaCl,MgCl2, CaCl2; sulfates:Na2SO4, MgSO4, Na3SO4; carbonates: K2CO3, LiCO3, KHCO3) were added to the reactional medium in order to evaluate their effect on the selective activity of amphotericin B (AmB) against the erythrocytes and yeasts (Candida albicans). Only MgCl2, used with a final concentration of 10-2 M, protects the human red blood cell fromthe toxic effect ofAmB; the erythrocytes lose only 30%of their K+. This same salt increases the effectiveness of theAmB against C albicans by 10%.MgSO4 reduces the toxicity ofAmB against the red blood cells by 10%.